This one is expanding today’s Free The Ocean Trivia Question Answer, which I actually got correct!
January 28, 2025 Written by Matthew Russell
Ocean acidification now looms as a direct challenge to oysters. Experts warn that more acidic conditions can alter the sex balance in these shellfish. Some oysters start life as male, then switch to female later. Shifts in pH threaten to speed that switch.
These shifts could upend aquaculture and coastal ecosystems everywhere.
Researchers note that an oyster population with too many females might see future reproduction problems, since a balanced sex ratio helps keep populations stable.
Photo: Pexels
Oysters rely on environmental cues to decide their sex. (snip-MORE)
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Proposal calls on company to prepare reports on ‘macroeconomic costs’ of health insurer’s practices
UnitedHealth Group is attempting to swat down a non-binding shareholder proposal that asked the company to prepare reports on the costs of delayed and denied healthcare.
The proposal, filed by members of the Interfaith Center on Corporate Responsibility (ICCR), represents a new frontier in seeking to hold insurance companies accountable for the “macroeconomic costs” of denied care – arguing they eventually hurt the bottom line of large investors.
The proposal asks UnitedHealth Group to prepare reports on the “public health-related costs and macroeconomic risks created by the company’s practices that limit or delay access to healthcare”.
“The investors we work with are interested in long-term value creation,” said Meg Jones-Monteiro, senior director of health equity at ICCR. The coalition represents primarily institutional investors, such as pensions and foundations.
“When you think about the investment portfolios our members have, they are very diverse,” Jones-Monteiro. “What happens in one sector impacts another.”
The proposal is non-binding, but UnitedHealth Group is nevertheless fighting to stop it. In a filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission in January, UnitedHealth Group attempted to exclude the proposal from proxy statements on technical grounds, arguing in part that the terms “public-health related costs” and “macroeconomic risks” are vague and subject to interpretation. (snip-MORE)
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An update on searching for trans-friendly employers who sponsor visas
Last month I asked to hear from trans-friendly employers who sponsor visas, and provided a simple form for interested employers to reach out. In the process, I heard from many individuals: people who were hoping to find new employment in another country, and people who worked for companies that were aligned, who were encouraging their bosses to fill in the form.
A quick reminder before we dive in: I’m not providing formal legal or financial advice. I’m just trying to point people in the right direction and provide some ideas for relocation for people who want it.
Here’s the bad news: today, that form sits empty. While the post was shared far and wide, not a single person has filled it in.
I think there are a few reasons for this. First and foremost, in the current environment, being listed in such a database presents a significant risk, particularly if you’re doing business with US entities. In an environment where the administration is firing employees and cutting contracts for even the barest mention of support for trans people, there’s every reason to believe that the current administration will penalize people and organizations who work with trans people.
So, that’s not great. I’m very sorry to everyone who got their hopes up that I would be able to make direct connections.
The good news: some countries actively sponsor visas, welcome trans people, and are hiring.
In my personal conversations with people, what jumped out again and again was that emigrating to the Netherlands was a viable route for many people — and particularly those with tech skills (engineering, IT, product management, design, research, and so on).
Reasons include:
The Netherlands is also kind of just a neat country: excellent social safety net, great support for culture and the arts, good connectivity to other European countries, and a strong grant support network for mission-driven tech. Amsterdam is a first-class cosmopolitan city, but other centers in the Netherlands are not to be sniffed at, and the country is so small that you can easily take public transit from one to another in less time than it might take you to commute to work by car in the US.
It is not, however, perfect. Much like the US, the Netherlands has had its own racial reckoning; unlike the US, the discourse has often centered on the idea that racism doesn’t happen there. That’s a rich claim from a society where racist tropes like Zwarte Piet are still commonplace, and where women of color are often marginalized. There’s work to be done — although it’s worth asking if this is truly any worse than the US.
Not everybody can relocate, and not everybody has these skills. I’m aware that this is a privileged route that not everybody can take advantage of. It would be better if there was a defined route for everybody who needed to find a safer place to live; it would be better still if a safe place to live was the place they already call home. This situation is sick and sad, and I truly wish that everything was different.
It also comes with an attendant cost. It’s estimated that moving to the Netherlands will set you back between $6-10K. That’s a lot less than one might expect, but it’s obviously a significant barrier for many people. Unfortunately, very little financial support exists for these moves. If you know of grants, mutual aid funds, or community resources that help trans people relocate, please share them. Funding and guidance from those who’ve navigated the process could make all the difference.
In the meantime, I’ll keep looking. If you are a company in a country that is safe for trans people, and you’re looking to hire people from the US who need visa sponsorship, please fill out this form or reach out to me via email. I’m not giving up.
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I once had a wonderful experience with tens of thousands of pansies. by Worriedman
Pansies! Read on Substack (Because we need a brain cleanser.)
Plant the green side up and give it a good drink of water a couple of times a week…
Pansies are Viola hybrids, Viola x wittrockiana. (“wittrockiana” sounds like a mountainous region in the south of the Duchy of Grand Fenwick) The common names, pansy, viola and violet are used interchangeably. “Pansies” are usually larger and taller than true violas, with large showy blooms. Violas are usually smaller plants, with smaller blooms, more plentiful than find on pansies. If you want to be a real nerd you can look at the petals. Both kinds of blooms have five petals . On the pansy, four petals point up, one points down. On the viola, two petals point up and three point down.
(snip-MORE)
(Not to take away from the Love good news post.)
December 19, 2024 · Written by Matthew Russell
In the fight against climate change, every small action counts. From renewable energy to forest conservation, many solutions are on the table, but one of the most unexpected contributors could be plankton poop. This tiny marine byproduct, aided by a unique natural process, could help the world combat rising carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere.
The concept hinges on the “biological carbon pump,” a natural process in the ocean where microscopic marine life absorbs carbon dioxide and stores it in the deep sea. However, much of this carbon is returned to the atmosphere before it can reach the ocean floor, where it could remain sequestered for centuries. But what if we could enhance this process?
Photo: Pexels
Plankton poop could significantly enhance carbon sequestration in the ocean.
Phytoplankton, tiny organisms that float in the ocean, are responsible for capturing a significant portion of atmospheric carbon dioxide through photosynthesis. As NASA Earth Observatory points out, these organisms form the base of the marine food chain, feeding zooplankton, small fish, and other sea life. As phytoplankton die or are consumed, some of their carbon sinks into the ocean, but a large portion of it is recycled by marine bacteria, eventually returning as CO2. This cycle presents a challenge in efficiently storing carbon in the ocean’s depths.
However, researchers from Dartmouth College and other institutions are exploring how to enhance the efficiency of this biological pump. Their solution involves adding clay dust to the surface of the ocean. This seemingly simple intervention could significantly boost carbon sequestration by aiding the formation of dense particles that sink rapidly, carrying carbon along with them.
Photo: Pexels
Adding clay dust to ocean waters can help carbon-rich particles sink deeper.
The Dartmouth team’s experiments demonstrated that when clay minerals are added to the ocean’s surface, they bond with organic carbon, forming sticky balls known as “flocs.” These flocs are irresistible to zooplankton, which feed on them, The Debrief, reports. As zooplankton ingest the flocs, they excrete carbon-laden feces, which sink deeper into the ocean. This process not only prevents carbon from escaping back into the atmosphere but also speeds up the ocean’s natural carbon sequestration process.
This enhancement could have profound implications. By accelerating the process by which carbon is transported from the ocean surface to the depths, this method offers a new, scalable approach to mitigate climate change. The addition of clay to phytoplankton blooms could significantly boost the amount of carbon trapped in the ocean, as demonstrated by the increased concentration of sticky organic particles—up to ten times more than usual—following the clay treatment.
Photo: Pexels
The biological carbon pump is the ocean’s natural system for removing CO2.
Plankton poop might seem like an unlikely hero in the climate crisis, but its potential is undeniable. Zooplankton, the tiny creatures that feed on plankton, play a crucial role in the ocean’s carbon cycle. Normally, only a small fraction of the carbon captured by phytoplankton makes it into the deep ocean for long-term storage. However, by feeding on clay-enhanced carbon particulates, zooplankton can create fecal pellets that sink faster, ensuring that the carbon is stored more effectively in the ocean’s depths.
The use of clay dust to enhance this process could be a game-changer. According to Oceanographic Magazine, the addition of clay allowed carbon to be captured in feces and sequestered at depths where it can stay for millennia, potentially reducing atmospheric CO2 levels significantly.
Photo: Pexels
Zooplankton ingest carbon-laden particles, trapping CO2 in their feces.
As scientists continue to explore this technique, there’s growing optimism about its potential. The use of clay is particularly promising because of its low cost and abundance. Unlike other carbon capture methods that rely on expensive technology, clay dust is a natural material that could be dispersed across ocean regions with phytoplankton blooms.
The team is currently focused on identifying the best regions for applying this method, particularly areas with high primary production, such as the California Current and the Mediterranean Sea.
Though the technique is still in its early stages, it holds promise as a sustainable and scalable solution for reducing atmospheric CO2 levels. The process, which relies on the ocean’s natural mechanisms, could complement other climate mitigation strategies, such as reforestation and direct air capture. Moreover, by enhancing the biological carbon pump with a simple addition of clay dust, the oceans could play an even greater role in addressing the climate crisis.
The next steps involve testing the method in real-world ocean settings. If successful, this approach could become an essential tool in the global effort to combat climate change, one tiny poop at a time.
https://shop.freetheocean.com/blogs/news/plankton-poo-climate-change
but it’s nothing but truth. There is no place to get away. Adaptation and caring for our neighbors is necessary.
January 7, 1953 President Harry S. Truman announced in his State of the Union address that the United States had developed a hydrogen (fusion) bomb.  |
| January 7, 1971 The U.S. District Court of Appeals ordered William Ruckelshaus, the Environmental Protection Agency’s first administrator, to begin the de-registration procedure for DDT so that it could no longer be used.  DDT being sprayed next to livestock It was a widely used pesticide in agriculture (principally cotton). This happened nine years after the publication of Rachel Carson’s “Silent Spring”, a book which cautioned about the dangers of excessive use of pesticides and other industrial chemicals to plants and animals, and humans.  Rachel Carson Read more about Rachel Carson |
| January 7, 1979 Vietnamese troops seized the Cambodian capital of Phnom Penh, toppling the regime of Pol Pot and his Khmer Rouge, the Cambodian Communist party. Pol Pot and his allies had been directly responsible for the death of 25% of Cambodia’s population. When he seized power in 1975, capitalism, Western culture, city life, religion, and all foreign influences were to be extinguished in favor of an extreme form of peasant Communism. All foreigners were thus expelled, embassies closed, and any foreign economic or medical assistance was refused. The use of foreign languages was banned. Newspapers and television stations were shut down, radios and bicycles confiscated, and mail and telephone usage curtailed. Money was forbidden. All businesses were shuttered, religion banned, education halted, health care eliminated, and parental authority revoked. Thus Cambodia was sealed off from the outside world.All of Cambodia’s cities were then forcibly evacuated. At Phnom Penh, two million inhabitants were evacuated on foot into the countryside at gunpoint. As many as 20,000 died along the way.  Pol Pot’s legacy: Skulls of the killing fields |
https://www.peacebuttons.info/E-News/peacehistoryjanuary.htm#january7
How much fossil carbon is stored in our stuff?
Ellen Phiddian December 21, 2024
Human-made materials – the “technosphere” – are a deep store of fossil carbon – and possibly a ticking time bomb.
That’s according to a fascinating new study published in Cell Reports Sustainability.
“We have no idea of how much carbon has been accumulated in the technosphere, how long it stays and what might happen to it once it is released,” says co-author Professor Klaus Hubaeck, a researcher at the University of Groningen, the Netherlands.
The researchers found that the technosphere accumulated 8.4 billion tonnes of fossil carbon from 1995-2019.
Were all this carbon to be burned and sent into the atmosphere, it would be equivalent to 30 billion tonnes of CO2. The world’s annual greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere over that period were roughly 770 billion tonnes.
“Carbon is used as a feedstock everywhere in our daily items, even the laptop I type on, and we were wondering if there is a potential time bomb of all that carbon contributing further to climate heating as it gets released to the atmosphere,” Hubaeck tells Cosmos over email.
Human-made materials are often made from fossil carbon sources like oil and gas. Plastics, for instance, are 74% fossil carbon on average. When these items reach end of life, the carbon makes its way back into the environment via dumping – or into the atmosphere via combustion.
The researchers calculated the amount of fossil carbon stored in the technosphere in the year 2011, using economic data to judge how much was flowing in and out of various industries.
They found that most of this carbon was going into rubber and plastic (30%), while 24% was put in bitumen, and 16% in machinery and equipment.
They found that 9% of extracted fossil carbon was stored in the technosphere in 2011, or about 0.4 billion tonnes of fossil carbon.
The team extrapolated these findings to a 25-year time period (1995-2019), which told them that 8.4 billion tonnes of fossil carbon had been accumulated.
Hubaeck says that the technosphere is nearing the stage where it stores more carbon than the natural world.
“We are not far from that turning point. Indeed, the accumulated fossil carbon is in the same order of magnitude, and indeed already higher than that stored in animals.”
What happens to all of this carbon? The researchers estimate that 3.7 billion tonnes of fossil carbon was disposed of over this time period: 1.2 billion tonnes sent to landfill, 1.2 billion tonnes incinerated and sent into the atmosphere, 1.1 billion tonnes recycled, and the rest littered.
“On the one hand, you can consider it as a form of carbon sequestration if this fossil carbon ends up sequestered in landfill, but on the other hand, it poses an environmental hazard, and if you burn it, you increase carbon emissions,” says co-author Dr Franco Ruzzenenti, also from the University of Groningen.
This means it is very important to make sure the waste is being processed properly, according to the researchers. They say that product lifetimes and recycling rates need to increase, and landfill and waste discharges need to be minimised.
“It’s best to avoid or reduce the throughput in the first place,” says Hubaeck.
“Certainly in rich countries, we have too much stuff (whereas the Global South still needs to catch up), we should question the amount of durable products and (inefficient) infrastructure we produce.
“Shifting to bio-based carbon also has environmental impacts, land requirements, biodiversity, and impacts on food prices.”
The researchers say that circular economy strategies are important for reducing the amount of waste as well, alongside managing waste better after disposal.
but it’s vital timely stuff that is still fresh today-
‘Tight correlation’ between premium rises and counties deemed most at risk from climate crisis, experts say
Concern over the climate crisis may evaporate in the White House from January, but its financial costs are now starkly apparent to Americans in the form of soaring home insurance premiums – with those in the riskiest areas for floods, storms and wildfires suffering the steepest rises of all.
A mounting toll of severe hurricanes, floods, fires and other extreme events has caused average premiums to leap since 2020, with parts of the US most prone to disasters bearing the brunt. A climate crisis is starting to stir an insurance crisis.
Across all US counties, those in the top fifth for climate-driven disaster risk saw home premiums leap by 22% in just three years to 2023, compared to an overall average of a 13% rise in real terms, research of mortgage payment data has found. The Guardian has analyzed the study’s data to illustrate the places in the US at highest risk from disasters and insurance hikes. (snip)
“This has been the canary in the climate coalmine, and it’s now hitting households’ pocketbooks,” said Ben Keys, an economist at the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School and co-author of the research. “You can deny climate change for whatever motivations you have but when insurance is going up because you live in a risky area, that’s hard to deny.” (snip-MORE)
The graphics on this article are Amazing, and should be seen. But I couldn’t get them to embed this time, so please click through.
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2024/dec/05/climate-crisis-insurance-premiums
Scottie's Playtime 