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| December 6, 1849 Harriet Tubman, a slave in Maryland, escaped her owners. More about Harriet Tubman ========================================= December 6, 1865 The state of Georgia provided the final vote needed for the 13th Amendment to become part of the U.S. Constitution, abolishing slavery. ![]() slave auction “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.” ![]() first vote Two days before, Mississippi’s legislature had voted to reject ratification; Mississippi didn’t ratify the anti-slavery amendment until 1995. More on the ratification ========================================== December 6, 1978 The voters of Spain approved a new constitution in a popular referendum by nearly 8-1. It proclaimed Spain to be a parliamentary monarchy and guaranteed its citizens equality before the law and a full range of individual liberties, including religious freedom. While recognizing the autonomy of seventeen regions, it stressed the indivisibility of the Spanish state. ========================================== December 6, 1998 In Venezuela, former Lieutenant Colonel Hugo Chavez, who had staged a bloody coup attempt against the government six years earlier, was elected president. ![]() Some perspective on some of Chavez’s actions Two views on what Venezuelans saw in Chavez BBC profile of Chavez |
https://www.peacebuttons.info/E-News/peacehistorydecember.htm#december6
Written by Matthew Russell
Boston has turned 30 bus shelters on the #28 route into pocket gardens. The drought-tolerant plantings sit atop waterproof trays, shading riders, soaking up rain, and greening a corridor long hit hard by summer heat, Boston.gov reports.
The project is a three-year demonstration tied to the city’s Heat Plan and its “Cool Commutes” strategy.

Photo: YouTube / Weston Nurseries
Thirty bus shelters now host green roofs.
The Route 28 line runs through Mattapan, Dorchester, and Roxbury. These neighborhoods are designated environmental justice areas and face higher, longer-lasting heat on hot days, Bay State Banner reports.
By replacing sun-baked clear panels with living roofs, the shelters cut radiant exposure and reduce the local heat-island effect.

Photo: YouTube / Weston Nurseries
Roof trays retain stormwater during downpours.
Every downpour loads gutters, outfalls, and ultimately coastal waters. These roofs slow that flow. City officials estimate the 30 shelters will capture on the order of 1,400–1,500 gallons across the pilot period, helping curb runoff that can carry pollutants to drains and waterways, according to The Boston Globe. The city will also track water quality of roof runoff to understand filtration benefits.

The #28 route was chosen for high ridership.
Sedum forms the hardy base layer. Native plants will be added to attract bees, butterflies, birds, and other pollinators, building a tiny habitat network along Blue Hill Avenue, per Mass. Municipal Association. That boost matters in dense blocks with limited tree canopy.
Social Impact Collective designed the system and helped lead installation with YouthBuild Boston and Weston Nurseries, while JCDecaux, the city’s street-furniture partner, enabled the retrofit. The work revives a 2014 pilot and scales it across the city’s busiest bus corridor, The Architect’s Newspaper reports.
The #28 line is fare-free through 2026, positioning the program to reach riders who are most exposed to heat and least served by rapid transit.
Over three years, Boston will collect data on temperatures, plant growth, stormwater retention, air quality, and pollinators to guide future standards for bus-shelter design, Mass. Municipal Association reports. If expanded to all 280 shelters, the city’s green roofs could hold roughly 15,000 gallons during storms—a meaningful dent in street flooding that also protects downstream marine habitats.
Brachyramphus marmoratus

The petite, quail-sized Marbled Murrelet has been called the “enigma of the Pacific.” So much about this stub-tailed seabird is unusual and remains poorly known. The bird’s range extends from Alaska to California; in northern treeless areas, it nests on the ground, but in the rainforests of the Pacific Northwest, it flies inland as far as 55 miles to nest high in trees. Its nesting habits remained one of North America’s great bird mysteries until 1974, when a tree surgeon working 147 feet up in a 200-foot-tall Douglas fir found an active nest. The only other bird in the alcid family that shares this nesting behavior is the murrelet’s close cousin, the Long-billed Murrelet, found in Asia.
Marbled Murrelet populations are in steady decline, due in part to the clearing of old-growth temperate rainforests, habitat shared with the imperiled Northern Spotted Owl. But nest predation by clever corvids like Steller’s Jays and Common Ravens can also adversely impact murrelets. These birds gather where people enjoying the Pacific Northwest’s forest leave garbage behind — the picnic areas and campsites more than 100 feet below nesting murrelets — making it all the more important to clean up and pack out what you bring in.
Seabirds are declining faster than any other bird group. The Marbled Murrelet faces many of the threats that endanger all seabirds, but the loss of its old-growth forest nesting habitat is unique among seabirds. Listed as Threatened under the Endangered Species Act in 1992, the Marbled Murrelet is also listed as a Yellow Alert Tipping Point species by Partners in Flight, a result of the loss of more than 50 percent of its population in the past 50 years. (snip-MORE on the page)
