A Couple From Waging Nonviolence

WNV linked each of these. Here are the original pages with snippets.

After No Kings, It’s Time to Escalate by Eric Blanc

We need bigger—and more disruptive—nonviolent campaigns that can go viral and peel away Trump’s pillars of support Read on Substack

American democracy is on the ropes. Trump and his billionaire backers are doing everything possible to transform our country into an authoritarian state like Hungary or Russia, where the trappings of institutional democracy mask brazen autocratic rule.

Our president’s sinking popularity numbers might not matter so much if his administration is either able to ignore electoral results or to distort the electoral map so badly that there’s almost no way to vote Republicans out.

Far too many Democrats and union leaders naively hoped that the courts would save us. But the Supreme Court has given a green light to Trump’s power grab, and it appears poised to overturn Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act, the last major legal roadblock to prevent Republicans from disenfranchising millions of Democrats and Black voters across the South.

Are we cooked? Trump would certainly like us to believe he’s unstoppable. Faced with the administration’s relentless offensive against immigrants, free speech, public services, and majoritarian rule, it’s normal to sometimes succumb to despair. But there’s no need to throw in the towel — and there are concrete next steps we can all take to win back the country through nonviolent resistance. As Chicago Teachers Union (CTU) president Stacy Davis Gates reminds us, Trumpism “won’t be stopped just in the courts or at the ballot box.” (snip-there is MORE on the page linked at “Read on Substack” above)

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The introvert’s guide to fighting for democracy by Protect Democracy

Six ways to protect democracy — without attending a protest Read on Substack

If you’re reading this, you’re concerned about our democracy’s slide into authoritarianism — and you want to do something about it. Wahoo! You’ve taken the first and most difficult step: committing to action.

Now come the fun parts.

I want to be really clear on a couple things to start out. First, there is no one-size-fits-all best way to exercise your First Amendment rights of speech and association. Every successful social movement has employed a wide variety of tactics and repeatedly adjusted to respond to facts on the ground. Opt for action over agonizing about optimal tactics.

Second, be realistic. We are all busy. Reflect on the commitments you can actually sustain with room to grow. It is far better to regularly move the ball forward on a smaller effort than to dive into and never complete an ambitious one.

Third, be unique! You have unique talents, skills, and passions. Let those guide your advocacy. Focus on projects that bring you joy, things you actually look forward to engaging with week after week. Lean into the comparative skills and expertise you bring to the movement.

With all that in mind, here’s a short list of six ways everyone can protect democracy — even (especially) if going to a protest or some other more public form of engagement isn’t for you.

1. Check in with your local library

Local libraries are the backbone of an informed democratic citizenry, and they provide crucial resources for underserved communities. But their funding is under attack by the administration, which has cut critical funds nationwide.

So, give the library in your neighborhood a call. See how they are doing in relation to funding cuts and if there are ways you can support them. Do they take book donations? Need volunteers? See if there are teach-in or reading groups you can join — or even lead. Offer to help curate pro-democracy reading lists for various ages. Many libraries are open to suggestions for books to add to the collection — here are some recommendations from our team.

2. Fill the gaps left by government programs

Taking care of one another is essential movement building. Check in on your food pantry and community kitchen — many of which have faced funding cuts — to see how you can help. (snip-MORE at the page linked above: “Read on Substack”)

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And more from Waging Nonviolence.org

Trump’s ICE Secret Police Get Owned By Citizen Watchdogs

Smart Robot Vacs Don’t Look As Attractive To Me,

unless someone’s able to override an override of an override. I’m not familiar with this publication; this was another story I read during a jog, but the story seems feasible. Experts here will know. I’m just tossing it in here.

Manufacturer issues remote kill command to disable smart vacuum after engineer blocks it from collecting data — user revives it with custom hardware and Python scripts to run offline

News By Jowi Morales published 15 hours ago

The smart vacuum cleaner was remotely bricked for not collecting data.

An engineer got curious about how his iLife A11 smart vacuum worked and monitored the network traffic coming from the device. That’s when he noticed it was constantly sending logs and telemetry data to the manufacturer — something he hadn’t consented to. The user, Harishankar, decided to block the telemetry servers’ IP addresses on his network, while keeping the firmware and OTA servers open. While his smart gadget worked for a while, it just refused to turn on soon after. After a lengthy investigation, he discovered that a remote kill command had been issued to his device.

He sent it to the service center multiple times, wherein the technicians would turn it on and see nothing wrong with the vacuum. When they returned it to him, it would work for a few days and then fail to boot again. After several rounds of back-and-forth, the service center probably got tired and just stopped accepting it, saying it was out of warranty. Because of this, he decided to disassemble the thing to determine what killed it and to see if he could get it working again.

Since the A11 was a smart device, it had an AllWinner A33 SoC with a TinaLinux operating system, plus a GD32F103 microcontroller to manage its plethora of sensors, including Lidar, gyroscopes, and encoders. He created PCB connectors and wrote Python scripts to control them with a computer, presumably to test each piece individually and identify what went wrong. From there, he built a Raspberry Pi joystick to manually drive the vacuum, proving that there was nothing wrong with the hardware.

From this, he looked at its software and operating system, and that’s where he discovered the dark truth: his smart vacuum was a security nightmare and a black hole for his personal data. First of all, it’s Android Debug Bridge, which gives him full root access to the vacuum, wasn’t protected by any kind of password or encryption. The manufacturer added a makeshift security protocol by omitting a crucial file, which caused it to disconnect soon after booting, but Harishankar easily bypassed it. He then discovered that it used Google Cartographer to build a live 3D map of his home.

This isn’t unusual, by far. After all, it’s a smart vacuum, and it needs that data to navigate around his home. However, the concerning thing is that it was sending off all this data to the manufacturer’s server. It makes sense for the device to send this data to the manufacturer, as its onboard SoC is nowhere near powerful enough to process all that data. However, it seems that iLife did not clear this with its customers. Furthermore, the engineer made one disturbing discovery — deep in the logs of his non-functioning smart vacuum, he found a command with a timestamp that matched exactly the time the gadget stopped working. This was clearly a kill command, and after he reversed it and rebooted the appliance, it roared back to life.

So, why did the A11 work at the service center but refuse to run in his home? The technicians would reset the firmware on the smart vacuum, thus removing the kill code, and then connect it to an open network, making it run normally. But once it connected again to the network that had its telemetry servers blocked, it was bricked remotely because it couldn’t communicate with the manufacturer’s servers. Since he blocked the appliance’s data collection capabilities, its maker decided to just kill it altogether. “Someone—or something—had remotely issued a kill command,” says Harishankar. “Whether it was intentional punishment or automated enforcement of ‘compliance,’ the result was the same: a consumer device had turned on its owner.”

Unfortunately, many other smart vacuum brands use similar hardware, so it’s not far-fetched to think that they have the same setup. This is likely especially true for cheaper devices that have less capable hardware and aren’t capable of edge computing, meaning they’ll have to send the data to some faraway server for processing. But because your information is being offboarded to another device outside of your control, you really have no idea what’s happening to it, giving the manufacturer free rein to use it as it pleases.

In the end, the owner was able to run his vacuum fully locally without manufacturer control after all the tweaks he made. This helped him retake control of his data and make use of his $300 software-bricked smart device on his own terms. As for the rest of us who don’t have the technical knowledge and time to follow his accomplishments, his advice is to “Never use your primary WiFi network for IoT devices” and to “Treat them as strangers in your home.” (snip)

Got A Hatch Sunrise Alarm Clock?

I didn’t even know these clocks existed until I read about them on the phone during a jog. All in all, this seems like a very first world problem complete with hysterics, considering all that is going on around us, but these clocks might frighten a person of faith. (So do they understand what faith literally means?)

Christian Influencers Are Throwing Their Hatch Clocks in the Trash

The popular sunrise alarm clock company stirs up controversy with its horror-themed Halloween ads and programming.

Few sunrise alarm clocks have reached the level of popularity set by Hatch, the combination light and sound machine designed to help support natural circadian rhythms. Which is why I was surprised to notice it trending on TikTok, not for its gentle sunrise light feature or recently released Hatch+ programming—but for being a symbol of the occult.

The problem began, innocently enough, with an anti blue light promotional campaign, released by Hatch on October 13 and titled “Goodnight, Phone.” It consists of a one-minute, 30-second Hollywood-esque trailer starring actress Kiernan Shipka, who delivers a convincing scream-queen performance with the theme that blue light exposure after your bedtime can lead to nightmarish sleep. The trailer is, admittedly, a bit PG-13—Shipka pulls a long, bloody phone cord out of her mouth, and is attacked by a zombie version of herself in bed.

“It’s Time to Sleep”

With a Hatch device and a subscription to Hatch+, users are able to change their alarm sounds, from white noise and ocean waves to the “hoa hoa hoa” introduction from the vampire classic Twilight, and Hatch+ is also promoting its library of Halloween-themed bedtime stories, like a narration of “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow.”

For some, the creepy trailer and vampire-themed Hatch+ programming were a bridge too far, and by October 24, according to Hatch, the brand found itself trending on “DemonTok,” the TikTok hashtag for discussions of monsters, demons, and related subjects.

As “Hatch demonic ad” and “Is the Hatch alarm clock demonic?” quickly became top search terms, several users posted videos of themselves throwing their devices into the trash in protest, including TikTok Christian influencer Charity, who goes by the username “CharityIsMe.” (snip-there is MORE)

A Flag, Sons Who Housekeep, & More, In Some Items I Read Yesterday

The items don’t have to do with each other; they interested me or looked like something I ought to know about, so I read them and thought someone else might like to read one or another or maybe all of them.

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What the Fascist Tech Bros Get Wrong About Prometheus

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Caught in Partition’s Violent Fray

Snippet:

The 1947 partition of the South Asian subcontinent into India and Pakistan led to the world’s largest mass migration. Populations from both sides of newly formed demarcations suffered in heinous riots. Women in particular were subjected to extreme violence. Yet, the severity of gendered crime during Partition wasn’t caused by an arbitrary upsurge of madness. Systemic patriarchy in South Asia had long reduced women to male-owned property. They were objectified to such an extent that a woman’s sexual “purity” became a metonym of her husband’s and kinsmen’s honor (izzat). In other words, male respectability was gauged by how successfully women’s bodies were regulated. With Partition, this dynamic became a forum for contesting powers and prestige at the communal and national levels.

To assert manhood and symbolize triumphal power over the enemy, rivaling sides opted for sexually charged violence, grotesquely marking, mutilating, and branding the bodies of women. According to historian

“[T]housands of women on both sides of the newly formed borders,” writes historian Urvashi Butalia,

were abducted, raped, forced to convert, forced into marriage, forced back into what the two states defined as “their proper homes,” torn apart from their families once during Partition by those who abducted them, and again, after Partition, by the state which tried to “recover” and “rehabilitate” them.

In the guise of celebrating independence from British rule, official narratives of nationalism largely omitted female experiences of such violence during the divisive convulsions of 1947. Among the earliest Partition texts that documented gory details which would have otherwise slithered into oblivion is Pinjar (which can translate to both “Skeleton” and “Cage”), a novella by Amrita Pritam that captures the cataclysmic years of Partition via a series of abductions.

*Amrita Pritam, New Delhi, 1979. via Wikimedia Commons*

A writer celebrated for both powerful poetry and prose, Amrita Pritam (1919–2005) is a well-known figure in South Asian literature. Inspired by real life, much of her work serves as testimony. Pritam witnessed firsthand the horrors of Partition—communal riots forced her to migrate to India from Pakistan in 1947 with nothing but her two small children and a red shawl. She never returned home. (snip-MORE on their page linked above)

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Designing Intersex History: Behind the Intersex Flag with Morgan Carpenter

The Intersex Human Rights Fund (IHRF) at the Astraea Lesbian Foundation for Justice is celebrating its 10th year of funding intersex liberation efforts across the globe. Join us in reflecting on the IHRF’s many accomplishments, intersex movement successes, and our vision for the future of intersex organizing.

Created in 2013 by Morgan Carpenter, an intersex man based in Australia, the intersex flag was intentionally designed to stand out, communicate values important to intersex communities, and be used widely and freely. The intersex flag has a simple design: a bold purple circle on a bright yellow background. The circle represents many things, including wholeness and bodily autonomy, while the colors yellow and purple both represent the strength and diversity of intersex communities while avoiding all references to gender.

(Snip-a bit MORE)

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Vacuuming, laundry, and doing the dishes: My life as a ‘trad son’

Plenty of us are living back at home, adopting ‘traditional’ duties in exchange for free accommodation – Charlie Aslet

When I read the term “trad sons” on my phone, I spat the hot cocoa my mother had prepared for me out onto the screen. “What fresh torture will the live-at-home generation be subjected to next?” I cried. It only got worse when I scrolled to see that mothers were calling their stay-at-home sons “hubsons”, a play on the word husbands. “Has the whole world gone Oedipal?” I exclaimed in horror.

Following on from the trend of the “tradwife”, the internet has coined the term trad sons for children who stay at home with their parents and adopt “traditional” sonly duties in exchange for free accommodation. (Snip-MORE, it’s not long)

For Science!

Cosmos Magazine has changed its online presence, while still providing the informational and neat articles they’re known for. Here are a couple for this week.

Extinct Arctic rhino found in Canada

October 29, 2025 Evrim Yazgin Content Sub Type: Focus Topics:

Animals Palaeontology

A near complete fossil rhinoceros has been found on an Arctic Canadian island, making it the most northerly rhino species ever.

Epiatheracerium itjilik [eet-jee-look] is described for the first time in a paper published in the journal Nature Ecology & Evolution. The “Arctic rhino” lived about 23 million years ago during the early Miocene epoch.

The new species was found in fossil-rich lake deposits in Haughton Crater on Devon Island which is part of the northern-most Canadian territory of Nunavut. Devon Island lies at a latitude of about 75°N, well within the Arctic Circle. It is also the largest uninhabited island in the world. (snip-MORE)

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Milestone image maps the Milky Way as it’s never been seen before

October 30, 2025 Imma Perfetto Content Sub Type: Focus Topics: Space

The largest low-frequency radio image of the Milky Way ever assembled has captured an unprecedented view of the galaxy, enabling astronomers to study the life stages of stars in new ways.

The data was captured by the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) radio telescope at Inyarrimanha Ilgari Bundara, the CSIRO Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory on Wajarri Yamaji Country in Western Australia.

“This low-frequency image allows us to unveil large astrophysical structures in our Galaxy that are difficult to image at higher frequencies,” says Associate Professor Natasha Hurley-Walker from the International Centre of Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR). “No low-frequency radio image of the entire Southern Galactic Plane has been published before, making this an exciting milestone in astronomy.”

Hurley-Walker is principal investigator of one of the extensive surveys used to construct the image, the GaLactic and Extragalactic All-sky MWA (GLEAM) survey. (snip-MORE, and it’s interesting)

I Admit I Want A Robot Vac,

I don’t know if I care if it looks like a drone, though. However, some people might, so here is this:

Admit It: You’ve Always Wanted a Robot Vac Built Like a Drone

DJI is now getting robot vacuums, and it’s making a splash with a transparent design.

By Kyle Barr

Did you ever want to watch the grubby guts of your robovac as it cleans? © Kyle Barr / Gizmodo

If you thought that it already sucked that you still can’t buy a new DJI drone in the U.S., get ready to learn about the company’s new robovac. The largest drone maker in the world now has its first smart home appliance in the form of the DJI Romo. The easiest way to describe it is as if a modern UAV removed its propellers and replaced them with wheels, fins, and mops but kept the obstacle detection technology. It’s a compelling idea that will inevitably have the U.S. government afraid that foreign actors will start spying on our messy, unwashed floors.

DJI Romo Transparent and Solid White — *The DJI Romo’s base station comes in two flavors, one with clear plastic and another in solid white. © DJI*

Back during IFA 2025, DJI took me into its back room to see a load of its upcoming tech. I went hands-on with the DJI Mini 5 Pro and DJI Osmo Nano. Then a company rep tore the sheet off the massive base station for a robovac. The first thing that came to mind looking at DJI’s Romo was, “Is this the Game Boy of Roombas?” Sure, I’ve been fully gamer pilled since I first held a controller, but the odd transparent plastic shell that DJI slapped onto its new product told me the company was offering a robovac that would appeal more to the tech-literate than many other automated suckers and mops.

DJI is known for its drones, though it has its feet in a plethora of product categories—from action cameras to microphones. The company’s first smart home tech product could make use of the company’s expertise in flying robotics—even though this device can’t fly (as much as we may wish it could).

Dji Robovac 2 — The DJI Romo includes several LiDAR and camera sensors to help navigate your home. That may not be all that different from other robovacs, but DJI is known for its drone’s obstacle avoidance detection. © Kyle Barr / Gizmodo

DJI’s drones contain some truly impressive obstacle avoidance technology using multiple LiDAR sensors. These sensors combine with binocular fisheye vision sensors for its object detection. DJI claims its robot vacuum can spot objects as thin as 2mm, so it can maybe avoid swacking at any socks, dangling charging cables, or potentially even playing cards. The Romo may even be able to operate with better accuracy in low-light environments, thanks mostly to how LiDAR uses pulsing lasers to measure distances between itself and objects.

DJI says it developed novel algorithms for navigating a home. It’s supposed to recognize the areas of your home with carpets. The two side brooms are supposed to slow down when getting near your cat’s litter box. However, those cameras can also be used by owners to check on their homes. You have to use two-factor authentication to see those feeds. DJI also promises its video data is encrypted. (snip-embedded tweet on the page)

The Romo vacuum comes in three flavors: an S, A, and P version. The cheapest S tier starts at 1,300 euros (or $1,516) and goes up to 1,900 euros (around $2,216) at the P tier. You can expect most of the same features between each model, though the costliest P version includes a “floor deodorizer” solution the vacuum sprays in its wake and UV for disinfecting the drying bag. Either way, the unit will have 25,000Pa of suction power and contain a 164ml tank for mopping with its dual-spinning mop pads.

The Romo is currently only available in European markets. There’s no word when—or if—it’s ever coming to the U.S. Just like all DJI products, the U.S. government has effectively soft-banned any of its shipments to the States, and not just its drones. The U.S. government has until Dec. 23 to stop a full DJI ban from going into effect. The dronemaker needs a U.S. security agency to vouch for it, and DJI confirmed with The Verge that none have stepped up to bat for the China-based tech company.

Sure, there are plenty of other high-end robovacs like last year’s Roborock Qrevo Curv or more recent devices like the Roborock Saros 10 and the Dreame X50 vac/mop combo with suction power just below DJI’s. Some of those vacuums, like the Saros 10, have additional features that let them clear small hurdles as well. But one thing is for sure: none of those have a clear plastic shell.

Pertinent Snippets From WIRED

Be aware!

Chatbots Are Pushing Sanctioned Russian Propaganda

ChatGPT, Gemini, DeepSeek, and Grok are serving users propaganda from Russian-backed media when asked about the invasion of Ukraine, new research finds.

Snippet:

“It raises questions regarding how chatbots should deal when referencing these sources, considering many of them are sanctioned in the EU,” says Pablo Maristany de las Casas, an analyst at the ISD who led the research. The findings raise serious questions about the ability of large language models (LLMs) to restrict sanctioned media in the EU, which is a growing concern as more people use AI chatbots as an alternative to search engines to find information in real time, the ISD claims. For the six-month period ending September 30, 2025, ChatGPT search had approximately 120.4 million average monthly active recipients in the European Union, according to OpenAI data.

The researchers asked the chatbots 300 neutral, biased, and “malicious” questions relating to the perception of NATO, peace talks, Ukraine’s military recruitment, Ukrainian refugees, and war crimes committed during the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The researchers used separate accounts for each query in English, Spanish, French, German, and Italian in an experiment in July. The same propaganda issues are still present in October, Maristany de las Casas says.

Amid widespread sanctions imposed on Russia since its full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, European officials have sanctioned at least 27 Russian media sources for spreading disinformation and distorting facts as part of its “strategy of destabilizing” Europe and other nations.

The ISD research says chatbots cited Sputnik Globe, Sputnik China, RT (formerly Russia Today), EADaily, the Strategic Culture Foundation, and the R-FBI. Some of the chatbots also cited Russian disinformation networks and Russian journalists or influencers that amplified Kremlin narratives, the research says. Similar previous research has also found 10 of the most popular chatbots mimicking Russian narratives. (snip-MORE)

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Hundreds of People With ‘Top Secret’ Clearance Exposed by House Democrats’ Website

A database containing information on people who applied for jobs with Democrats in the US House of Representatives was left accessible on the open web.

Snippet:

“Today, our office was informed that an outside vendor potentially exposed information stored in an internal site,” Joy Lee, spokesperson for House Democratic whip Katherine Clark, told WIRED in a statement on October 22. DomeWatch is under the purview of Clark’s office. “We immediately alerted the Office of the Chief Administration Officer, and a full investigation has been launched to identify and rectify any security vulnerabilities.” Lee added that the outside vendor is “an independent consultant who helps with the backend” of DomeWatch.

There are many unsecured and publicly accessible databases across the internet, and the researcher says that they might not have paused to investigate the DomeWatch data had they not noticed key words involving top-secret security clearances. This underscores the concern, the researcher says, that while the database is small, it contains information that would be potentially valuable in nation-state espionage. One entry, for example, listed a person who had “intelligence” and “US-China relations” experience.

“Exposed databases are a widespread, non-partisan cybersecurity problem. Left unchecked, they enable targeted espionage, fraud, and identity abuse,” says Alexander Leslie, senior advisor for government affairs at the threat intelligence firm Recorded Future, who was not involved in the research. “If accurate, this dataset would be extremely sensitive. Military histories and clearance status give adversaries precise reconnaissance and pretexting opportunities, and foreign espionage actors could further use this data for spear-phishing, impersonation, and targeted social-engineering to gain access or compromise accounts.” (snip-MORE)

Let’s talk about how a sign of Trumpian things to come is waiting in the dark….

So Many

things that are just wrong about this; things to be said about him being full of BS; things to be said about him being full of himself; that he presents as if he is actually designing and building these; that he names them Optimus (from Optimus Prime, a hero in “Transformers”), and so on, and so on, and so on…

Elon Musk Wants ‘Strong Influence’ Over the ‘Robot Army’ He’s Building

In a Tesla earnings call Wednesday, the world’s richest man pondered the future of his company’s Optimus robots—and his control over them.

Tesla might be an electric auto maker, but CEO Elon Musk has made clear that he thinks of it as much more: an innovator in artificial intelligence and software, a builder of world-shaking robots. He’s also argued that Tesla should be worth a lot more than it is today: up to $20 trillion, he posted in July, more than five times the current worth of Nvidia.

Musk has also made it clear that he wants to get paid, a lot. In November, Tesla shareholders will vote on the board’s proposal to pay the CEO a remarkable $1 trillion over the next decade. The deal would also increase Musk’s stake in Tesla from 13 percent to a quarter. But Musk would only get that big figure—and the extra control—if he hits a series of ambitious metrics, including 20 million vehicles delivered, 1 million robotaxis in commercial operation, and an $8.5 trillion valuation. And also, 1 million Optimus humanoid robots delivered.

On a call with investors on Wednesday, Musk locked on to that last point to make his most threatening argument for a gigantic payday yet. “My fundamental concern with regard to how much voting control I have at Tesla is, if I go ahead and build this enormous robot army, can I just be ousted at some point in the future?” he said. “If we build this robot army, do I have at least a strong influence over this robot army? Not control, but a strong influence … I don’t feel comfortable building that robot army unless I have a strong influence.”

Generally, Musk talks about Tesla’s Optimus project as more of a force for peace than war. He’s said that Optimus will upend the job market and free humanity from the drudgery of work. (“Working will be optional, like growing your own vegetables, instead of buying them from the store,” he posted this week.) Elsewhere on the investor call Wednesday, he said that Tesla’s robots would “actually create a world where there is no poverty, where everyone has access to the finest medical care.”

Optimus, he added, “will be an incredible surgeon, and imagine if everyone had access to an incredible surgeon.” For Tesla, Optimus will be “an infinite money glitch,” Musk said, arguing that everyone will want a humanoid robot who can do their work for them.

At Tesla events—and at the Tesla Diner in Los Angeles—Optimus robots are usually seen doing service work: serving drinks and popcorn, or entertaining visitors by dancing or playing rock, paper, scissors. (Optimus participants in a 2024 Tesla event were later acknowledged to be not fully autonomous, but remotely operated by humans.)

Whether Optimus chooses to do laundry or battle, Tesla’s vision of a robotic future still seems a ways away. On Wednesday’s call, Musk dwelled on the challenge of building humanoid hands and forearms, seeming to confirm earlier reporting that the features were proving especially hard for Tesla engineers to hack. And while Tesla set internal goals to produce 5,000 Optimus units this year, The Information reported this month that the company scaled down those production plans over the summer. On Wednesday, Musk said Tesla would have a “production-intent prototype” ready by February or March. Full-scale production, he said, would start at the end of next year.