Stephen Miller spoke at an April event in Warren, Mich., marking President Trumpโs first 100 days in office.ย Photo:ย Jeff Kowalsky/AFP/Getty Images
Stephen Millerย wanted to keep the planes in the airโand that is where they stayed.ย
When a federal judge in March told the Trump administrationย to turn around flightsย of deported migrants headed to El Salvador, senior officials hastily convened a Saturday evening conference call to figure out what to do.
If they didnโt return the passengers, they would be defying a court order, some administration officials worried. Miller, who is Presidentย Trumpโsย deputy chief of staff, pushed for the planes to keep flying, which they ultimately did. The judge would later say that allowing officials to defy court judgments would make a โsolemn mockeryโ of the Constitution.
The 39-year-old immigration hawk, who has been by Trumpโs side since the 2016 campaign, has emerged as a singular figure in the second Trump administration, wielding more power than almost any other White House staffer in recent memoryโand eager to circumvent legal limitations on his agenda.
He has his own staff of about 30 and a Secret Service detail, which White House officials said was because he had received death threats and serves as homeland security adviser. He has been responsible for the administrationโs broadsidesย against universities,ย law firmsย andย even museums. He has written or edited every executive order that Trump has signed.
Miller had considerable sway in Trumpโs first term. But when aides at the time suggested promoting Miller to a leadership role at the Department of Homeland Security, Trump declined, according to a former administration official, telling aides he thought Miller wasnโt leader material.
His influence has expanded sharply since, thanks largely to his steadfast loyalty to Trump. This account of Millerโs tenure is based on interviews with current and former White House officials, Trump advisers and other prominent Republicans.
Some of Millerโs colleagues said they were alarmed by some of the legal maneuvers that Miller has proposed for executing the administrationโs anti-immigrant agenda, and Trump has gently ribbed him for being too โhappyโ about deportations.
Miller, who has written or edited every executive order signed by Trump in his second term, attended a May event of the Make America Healthy Again Commission.ย Photo:ย Jacquelyn Martin/Associated Press
Miller, who isnโt a lawyer, is the official who first suggestedย using the wartime Alien Enemies Actย to deport migrants, which the Justice Department pursued. He also privately, then publicly, floated suspending habeas corpus, or the right for prisoners to challenge their detention in court, which the administration hasnโt tried. That prompted pushback from other senior White House and Justice Department officials.ย
Hisย orders to increase arrestsย regardless of migrantsโ criminal histories set off days of protests in Los Angeles. Miller coordinated the federal governmentโs response, giving orders to agencies including the Pentagon, when Trump sent in the Marines and the National Guard, according to officials familiar with the matter.
Millerโs portfolio covers almost every issue Trump is interested in. In recent months, he talked to CEOs about a coming tariff announcement;ย joined a meetingย betweenย Metaย Chief Executiveย Mark Zuckerbergย and Trump about the companyโs antitrust case; and met with other tech companies on artificial intelligence.
Even some posts at cabinet agencies have been described by administration officials as reporting directly to Miller, effectively bypassing cabinet secretaries.
There are some limits to his influence. He was supportive of Metaโs push to settle its antitrust case, which fell flat. Trump last week signaled concerns that the administrationโs deportation policies were too aggressive, calling for a pause in some deportations that he has since rolled back. Trump, asked how Millerโs directives on deportations squared with his own, declined to put distance between the two of them. โWe have a great understanding,โ Trump said.
The aggressive posture has started to sparkย some voter backlash, with polls showing Trumpโs approval rating on immigration and deportations has turned negative.
Several White House staffers said Miller always takes the most โextremeโ view of any issue, and his positions have cost the administration in court. In Trumpโs first 100 days back in office, courts issued nationwide injunctions in 25 cases against the federal government, compared with six in his entire first term and four during the Biden administration, according to aย reportย by the nonpartisan Congressional Research Service. Several cases have already reached the Supreme Court, which has ruled against Trump on some immigration cases.
โI think the administration has miscalculated and overstepped,โ said Skye Perryman, who leads Democracy Forward, an organization that has repeatedly sued Trump.
Miller has responded to the courtsโ intervention by denouncing it as โjudicial tyranny.โ His allies argue illegal border crossings are down to almost zero because his aggressive proposals are deterring migrants.
โStephen Miller is one of President Trumpโs most trusted and longest serving aides for a reasonโhe delivers,โ said Karoline Leavitt, the White House press secretary.
In the wilderness
Miller stuck by Trump when many staffers quit their jobs after the Jan. 6, 2021, attack on the Capitol. He had helped draft Trumpโs speech that morning, and worked until 12 p.m. on Jan. 20โthe day Trumpโs first term endedโtelling the officer taking his badge he would be back in four years.
โSixteen Hundred Pennsylvania Avenue is the greatest address in the world, and though we now leave these gates, rest assured, this is not goodbye,โ he wrote to colleagues.
Three months later, Miller launched a nonprofit, America First Legal, aimed at countering what Miller described as a โyears-long, one-sided legal assaultโ by the left. โNow, we must turn the tables,โ he said at the time.
Over the next four years, it filed dozens of lawsuits, many of which are ongoing, categorized on its website under topics including โDEI,โ โWoke Corporationsโ and โWomenโs Sports.โ The groupโs targets are now under fire from the Trump administration, too.ย
Miller speaking with reporters outside the White House in January.ย Photo:ย Francis Chung/Press Pool
In 2022, the group called on the Education Department to stop distributing federal funds to universities where it alleged antisemitism was festering. Three years later, the Trump administration would do just that at universities including Harvard, Columbia and Northwestern.
In 2024, Millerโs group helped 16 Republican-led states sue the Biden administration over a policy that protected illegal immigrants married to U.S. citizens from deportation. A judge ruled in the statesโ favor, and the Trump administration overturned the policy this year.
By the time Trump returned to the White House, the group had about two dozen lawyers on staff and had raised more than $60 million from donors, whose identities it doesnโt disclose. The group paid Miller more than $500,000 last year, according to his financial disclosure.
Meanwhile, Miller continued to play an active role across the Republican Party, even if his outreach wasnโt always welcome.
Congressional aides fielded lengthy calls from Miller about illegal immigration, often without any specific requests. One likened him to a grandmother who wouldnโt stop talking and said his calls were akin to listening to a podcast. Others said he would call to scold aides about how they had framed a social-media post on a particular issue or criticizing the way they had worded a press release.ย
As a House committee prepared for then-Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas to testify, Miller came to the Hill to play the role of Mayorkas, aides said. During the prep, he answered questions as the secretaryโbut also chimed in to give lawmakers advice on questions.
Miller was determined to kill a bipartisan bill pushed by Republican Sen.ย James Lankfordย of Oklahoma in 2024 on the border and regularly called House Speakerย Mike Johnson.
He also called the Republican National Committee to offer his advice on how the party should communicate on immigration, sometimes offering his thoughts on what the RNC chairman could tweet, people familiar with the discussions said.
He was a regular visitor to Mar-a-Lago during the campaign, meeting with Trump above his ballroom. Campaign aides say Miller always wanted to talk more about immigration. Trumpโs top pollster,ย Tony Fabrizio, and his other aides wanted to keep the message on the economy. Trump staffers started displaying ominous photos of migrants at his events.
Some posts at cabinet agencies have been described by administration officials as reporting directly to Miller.ย Photo:ย Win McNamee/Getty Images
Hundreds of orders
In the first term, Trump was largely unprepared to govern. Miller regularly complained then that others in the administration tried to block his immigration decisions, and outside lawyers would stymie their efforts. This time, Miller came in determined to correct that.
He brought hundreds of proposed orders to the White House as well as his own staff.ย Russell Vought, the onetime treasurer of America First Legal, is now the White House budget chief. Reed Rubinstein, the groupโs senior vice president, was nominated as legal adviser of the State Department.ย Matt Whitaker, a board member, is the U.S. permanent representative to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
He now tells other staffers how to behave around Trump, people who have heard his comments say, and upgraded his office from one on a different floor to one steps from the Oval Office.ย
During the first term, Miller would push for hard-line policies that others blanched at, including advocating for several dozen countries to be added to the travel ban list of seven, a former administration official said. People laughed, but he was serious, the official said. This time, Trump announced a ban that coveredย a dozen countries.ย
He keeps in Trumpโs good graces by giving Trump ideasโbut more importantly, helping the president carry his own out.
Administration officials noted how Miller shut down discussion about whether the U.S. should bomb Houthi targets in a Signal chat that was accidentally shared with The Atlanticโs editor in chief. As the vice president and top national security officials discussed options, Miller weighed in.ย
โAs I heard it, the president was clear,โ Miller said. โGreen light,โ he added.ย
Earlier this month, Leavitt, the press secretary, interviewed Miller at a private event for Republican donors at the Four Seasons in Washington.
Miller, who grew up in Santa Monica, Calif., said large swaths of Los Angeles were engaged in a โrebellion,โ according to people present.
Los Angeles had become like Cancรบn, he saidโit was fine to visit, but not good for its own citizens. To conclude the event, Leavitt told the crowd that Miller needed to return to his work of deportations.
Miller smiled in response, and then left to return to the White House.
I got a lot from reading and re-reading this. I tried to comment there, but WordPress sigh. Anyway, as a show of respect, here is this. Very good info and commentary
The transgender flags that usually adorn the Stonewall National Monument in New York City during Pride Month were missing this year, so some New Yorkers are taking matters into their own hands.
During June, Pride flags are placed around the park’s fence. They usually include a mixture of rainbow LGBTQ+ flags, transgender flags and progress flags, which have stripes to include communities of color.
Photographer and advocate Steven Love Menendez said he created and won federal approval for the installation nine years ago. Within a few years, the National Park Service was picking up the tab, buying and installing flags, including trans ones.
Pride flags fly in the wind at the Stonewall National Monument in Manhattan’s West Village on June 19, 2023 in New York City.Spencer Platt/Getty Images
This year, however, Menendez said the National Park Service told him to change the protocol.
“I was told … only the traditional rainbow flag would be displayed this year,” he said.
Now, no transgender or progress flags are among the 250 rainbow flags installed around the park.
“It’s a terrible action for them to take,” Menendez said.
“I used to be listed as an LGBTQ activist, and now it says ‘Steven Menendez, LGB activist,'” Menendez said. “They took out the Q and the T.”
“I’m not going to stand by and watch us be erased from our own history”
Many visiting the monument said they are opposed to the change.
“I think it’s absurd. I think it’s petty,” said Willa Kingsford, a tourist from Portland.
“It’s horrible. They’re changing all of our history,” Los Angeles resident Patty Carter said.
Jay Edinin, of Queens, brought his own transgender flag to the monument.
“I’m not going to stand by and watch us be erased from our own history, from our own communities, and from the visibility that we desperately need right now,” he said.
The transgender flags that usually adorn the Stonewall National Monument in New York City during Pride Month were missing this year, so some New Yorkers are taking matters into their own hands.CBS News New York
He is not the only one bringing unauthorized flags to the park. A number of trans flags were seen planted in the soil.
National Park Service workers at the park told CBS News New York they are not authorized to speak on this subject. CBS News New York reached out by phone and email to the National Park Service and has not yet heard back.
Dave Carlin has covered major national news stories and events in the past four decades including Superstorm Sandy and its tri-state impacts, Hurricane Hugo in South Carolina and Iniki on Kauai, Hawaii. He also covered the Space Shuttle Program, 1989 San Francisco Earthquake, numerous Southern California wildfires, the trial and execution of serial killer Ted Bundy in Florida, the 1994 police shooting death of Tyke the eacaped Cirus Elephant on the streets of Honolulu, 2009’s Miracle on the Hudson, the NYC Mayoral administrations of Bloomberg through Adams and more.
This could all be moot if Trump starts bombing Iran before the weekend or even the day is over. Today, several B-2 stealth bombers, the only kind of jet that can carry the 30,000-pound bunker-busting bombs thought capable of penetrating Iranโs underground Fordow nuclear facility, flew west to Guam. Most likely, Trump is trying to show off like he has a big penis.
When asked a few days ago about joining the fight Israel started with Iran, Trump said heโll have the answer in two weeks. The right answer would have been no.
Part of the message of Trumpโs 2024 presidential campaign was no more โforever wars.โ Unless he thinks a war with Iran will be short and sweet, he would break that promise if he drags us into Israelโs fight. The war in Iraq would be a MAGA-Lardo Trump golf tournament for Donald compared to a war inside Iran.
If the rule is, โno land wars in Asia,โ then someone get Trump a map and show him what continent Iran is in.
When you criticize Israel for starting this war, or voice any opposition to it, then MAGAts start screaming that you love Iran and you want them to have nuclear weapons. Thatโs the talk of a simpleton. Remember in 2003 when you opposed invading Iraq, and W. Bushโs followers would howl, โYouโre either with us or against!โ That was simple thinking, too (where are all those people now?). But Republicans have never added a lot of depth to their thought process. Unfortunately, it works. More Americans respond to it. MAGAts prefer to communicate in three syllables, like โNo more warsโ and โBomb Iran.โ Now, explain what a syllable is to a MAGAt.
I donโt want Iran to have nuclear weapons, which is why I supported the nuclear treaty we had with Iran under President Barack Obama. The same one Donald Trump later destroyed and is asking for now. If Donald Trump could get the exact same deal with Iran that he destroyed while lying that it wasnโt working, heโd call himself a genius for it. I expect him to get something much less and heap hero worship on himself. Heโs already talking about how he deserves a Nobel Prize, which Obama has.
Iran might actually be in a better position with Trump in office because Donald Trump is the worldโs worst negotiator. If you just make him feel like he won, you can get everything you want. Not only could they have their bomb, but also get club memberships at MAGA-Lardo.
Who remembers whatโs in the treaty Trump negotiated with North Korean leader Kim Jong-Un?
And we should negotiate with Iran to stop its nuclear program, because the one Obama got them to sign was working. Why did Donald Trump cancel an agreement to end Iranโs nuclear program that was working? Probably because Obamaโs name was on it. When Trump canceled the agreement, he made the world more dangerous. He gave Iran the green light to reignite its nuclear program.
Despite Trumpโs treaty with North Korea, theyโre closer today to being able to deliver a nuclear weapon to the continental United States.
But why should we join Israelโs war? They started it. Sure, Iran has been funding terrorist attacks against Israel for years, and weโve funded Israelโs defense against that. But this is a war. Why should we join a fight we didnโt start? This isnโt our fight, especially when Israel is starting it just for us to finish.
When I was a stupid kid back in the 1980s, I was out with my buddy Ronny and Mark. Mark started a fight with another kid who also had his buddies with him. None of us joined in, and we all watched Mark and the other guy roll around, punching each other. Mark lost. Later, our other friends were angry at Ronny and me for not jumping into the fight. But it wasnโt our fight. If those other kids had jumped in, then yeahโฆwe would have, too. But they knew it wasnโt their fight either. For what itโs worth, I did pull the guy off Mark when it was clear the fight was over and won. After the fight was over, we all stood around for 20 minutes talking about the fight. The moral is, donโt start a fight you canโt win, and donโt join a fight thatโs not yours. We were sorry that Mark got his ass handed to him, but he shouldnโt have started the fight.
Trumpโs decision to take two weeks to make a decision means itโs not important to him. This has to frustrate Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu because he knows when Trump says two weeks, itโs never delivered in two weeksโฆif ever.
Trump should have run on the message, โIโll take two weeks to make decisions.โ Ronald Reagan didnโt tell Gorbachev, โTear down this wallโฆin two weeks.โ
When Trump promised a new tax plan in 2017 of tax cuts for billionaire assholes, he promised heโd deliver it in two weeks. They delivered it two months later, and it was his only legislative accomplishment from his first term.
Weโre still waiting to see Trumpโs healthcare plan he promised years ago to deliver in two weeks.
Trump promised an infrastructure bill in two weeks during his first term. What happened? President Joe Biden signed an infrastructure bill.
In 2017, Trump said he would prove that Obama wiretapped Trump Tower in two weeks. Weโre still waiting, much like the wait for Trump to prove that Obama was born in Kenya.
One Israeli official said that Trump โwouldnโt give himself a deadline that he would have to keep to if he hadnโt already made the decision.โ Yeah, that guy hasnโt been paying attention for the past decade, because Trump doesnโt keep promises. What Donald Trump does is talk out of his ass.
Trump uses the two-week thing in hopes that people will forget. Maybe other shit will happen during those two weeks and people donโt remember the two-week promise. Or, Trump can create a new crisis, like when he said heโll decide what to do about the Russian/Ukraine war in two weeks, which was months ago.
Or, Trump can be hoping the problem resolves itself within two weeks. Most likely, Israel will stop bombing Iran, and everyone will stop paying attention. Netanyahu overplayed his hand, starting a war and expecting Trump to save his ass. Isnโt Israel already in two other conflicts, one with Hamas and the other with Hezbollah?
Bibi needs to learn that Trump Always Chickens Out.
Creative note: I shouldnโt have had to spend three hours banging my head against a wall before this idea came to me because I watched half of Donโt Look Up last night.
Music note: I listened to more Tom Petty while drawing because I hadnโt finished listening to all of it during the last cartoon.
First I sent a thunderstorm to ruin his stupid birthday parade. Now behold! I painted the skies with a rainbow to troll his helicopter for Pride Month!
1. God Hates You, Donold
The White House posted what they thought was a photo showing Godโs endorsement: Marine One lifting off with a rainbow in the background.
But as always, the faux-king liars misinterpreted My meaning!
God LOVES LGBTQ+ people!
And I despise that infinite bigot Donold.
Luckily, Gavin Newsomโs press office understood and quote-tweeted it with: โHappy Pride ๐โ
2. Their โBig Beautiful Billโ Just Collapsed
Trumpโs prized โOne Big Beautiful Billโ crumbled in the House.
It was supposed to be his grand legislative comeback. Instead, it got nuked by the parliamentarian.
Now the GOP is in full-blown civil war. Fighting over AI, Medicaid cuts, deficit math, and whose bootlicking is most loyal.
On top of all that, Tangerine Palpatine is raging at Fox News because his poll numbers are in the toilet.
Verily, thou mayest eat shit, Donold.
3. God Bless the ACLU
God bless the ACLU, who just won a unanimous court ruling striking down Louisianaโs ludicrous Ten Commandments law.
Public schools are not Sunday schools. And this court had the guts to say it.
Let it be known: while the cult worships golden idols of Donold and demands state-mandated religion, real Americans are still defending the Constitution.
Before you go, I need to say something important. This part isnโt a joke. Itโs about survival. (snip-MORE)
My wife and I recently returned from a Danube River cruise โ no, itโs not blue, the waltz notwithstanding โ and we had a wonderful time.
One of the many pleasures of these relatively small river cruises is all the interesting people you get to meet from around the world. This time around, we spent most of our time with Canadians and Australians, who seemed to enjoy our company once they determined we shared their low opinion of our president.
When one of the Canadians we dined with several times learned that we had signed on for a โSound of Musicโ tour of Salzburg, Austria โ featuring fountains, mountains, cityscapes, trees, a church and other locations from the movie โ he told a nice story about an Austrian who emotionally described to him his love for their traditional folk song, โEdelweiss.โ
I had read that the song actually was written just for the movie and had no significance for Austrians, which our guide confirmed the next day. So when our new friend repeated his story at dinner that evening, I politely corrected him, explaining that although some Austrians may have embraced the song โ the Edelweiss is their national flower โ it was a Rodgers and Hammerstein creation.
I wonโt say our friend was crestfallen, but he did seem disappointed. I should add that I have a long tradition of spoiling peopleโs favorite stories, in part through the urban legend columns I used to write semiregularly.
So hereโs the question. Is the truth really that important, if it spoils a good narrative?
After all, weโre in what some people have characterized as the Post-Truth Era, ushered in most recently by Donald Trump, his congressional lapdogs and Fox News but immortalized much earlier by Adolf Hitler and his Nazi regime. Falsehoods abound, not just in the White House but all over social media.
Hereโs how the European Center for Populism Studies explained the Big Lie technique.
The big lie is the name of a propaganda technique, originally coined by Adolf Hitler in โMein Kampf,โ who says โThe great masses of the people โฆ will more easily fall victim to a big lie than to a small one,โ and denotes where a known falsehood is stated and repeated and treated as if it is self-evidently true, in hopes of swaying the course of an argument in a direction that takes the big lie for granted rather than critically questioning it or ignoring it.
Pssst. If that doesnโt sound familiar, wake up.
Hitler used it to blame his countryโs problems on his best available scapegoat, Jewish people. Trump and company have broadened this approach to encompass multiple scapegoats โ immigrants, foreigners, transgender people, people who are โwokeโ because they encourage social justice and care about the future health of our planet โ and to big lies involving the 2020 election and so many other subjects that weโre numb to it. He lies about everything, and his supporters donโt seem to know or care.
I remember when the idea of act checking first emerged in political coverage. Instead of just quoting politicians who were fudging the truth, the fact-checkers would point out when they were lying or exaggerating, in the case of The Washington Post by assigning up to four Pinocchios for the most egregious falsehoods.
Some politicians would correct themselves in future pronouncements. Others wouldnโt bother.
Trump, the ultimate Pinocchio, is oblivious to Fact Checking. He just plows ahead โ โTheyโre eating the dogs, theyโre eating the cats!โ โ repeating the same misinformation over and over at rallies, news conferences, debates. Facts are irrelevant.
Perhaps most amazingly, his long-since-debunked fraud allegations regarding the 2020 election are being incorporated into Oklahomaโs public-school curriculum. Elsewhere, facts about racial injustice, climate change and our nationโs history have been altered or eliminated from public school curricula to suit the MAGA agenda. Kinglike, Trump even is punishing colleges, states and others who wonโt go along with his determination to impose โ1984โ-style Newspeak.
I think at least some Trump followers โ particularly Republican elected leaders โ know he is lying. But because it suits their preferred narrative, they go along. Thatโs frightening enough. Even scarier, though, are the people who are too dim, lazy or Foxcentric to figure out that weโre not being overrun by bloodthirsty killer immigrants or that non-straight men and women arenโt a threat to our military, our children or anything else, not to mention that Trump really lost the 2020 election, that the rioters storming the Capitol werenโt the true victims of Jan. 6, that indiscriminate ICE goon squads arenโt the best solution to illegal immigration and that vaccinating our children continues to be a very good idea.
They donโt just accept the lies. They spread them. Thatโs why we must be advocates for the truth, correcting and even confronting falsehoods, at rallies, on social media, in conversations. Ignorance is not bliss. Itโs fueling our countryโs descent into unrecognizable autocratic chaos.
โEidelweissโ may be trivial. But innocent people being demonized? Trust in our elections destroyed? Our constitutional guarantees shredded? Our planetโs climate threatened? Long-dead diseases given new life?History rewritten?
Speak up. The truth is worth defending.
This is a contributed opinion column. Bill White can be reached at whitebil1974@gmail.com. His Threads handle is whitebil2000.ย The views expressed in this piece are those of its individual author and should not be interpreted as reflecting the views of this publication. For more details on commentaries, read our guide to guest opinions at themorningcall.com/opinions.
June 21, 1877 ย The Molly Maguires Four members of the Molly Maguires were hung for murder in what was then Mauch Chunk, and in Pottsville, towns in Pennsylvaniaโs Carbon County. The Molly Maguires was a secret and violent Irish-Catholic organization of coal miners formed to combat the oppressive working and living conditions in the anthracite coal region of the state. Readmore (2 links)
June 21, 1908 A Women’s Sunday Suffrage rally, supporting the right of women to vote, drew several hundred thousand to Londonโs Hyde Park from all over the country. Women were encouraged to wear โthe coloursโ โ white (for purity), green (hope) and purple (dignity) โ and in โas fetching, charming and ladylike a manner as possible.โ As the Yorkshire Daily Post put it: โAt least one half of the crowd was composed of the sort of people you would expect to see at a suburban garden party.โ The women’s suffrage movementย
June 21, 1964 James Chaney, Andrew Goodman and Michael Schwerner, three young Freedom Summer workers, disappeared in Philadelphia, Mississippi, while registering negroes to vote. Their bodies were found six weeks later, having been shot and then buried in an earthen dam. James Chaney, Andrew Goodman and Michael Schwerner Eight members of the Ku Klux Klan eventually went to prison on federal conspiracy charges related to the disappearance; none served more than six years. Schwerner and Goodman, both white New Yorkers, had traveled to heavily segregated Mississippi to help organize civil rights efforts on behalf of the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE). Chaney was a local African-American man who had joined CORE in 1963. Read more and hear versions of Pete Seegerโs song,ย โThose Three are On My Mind” More on Chaneyย Readย aboutย the movie
June 21, 1997 100,000 marched in solidarity with striking newspaper workers in Detroit after nearly two years on the picket line. support rally march 1, 1997ย ย photo: Paul Felton The Detroit Newspaper Agency (DNA) had refused to bargain in good faith (later confirmed by a ruling of the National Labor Relations Board), even after the union members had worked for months without a contract, and the DNA, which ran both the Detroit Free Press and the Detroit News, had begun to impose the changes they had been insisting on at the bargaining table.